Everything about Boron Carbide totally explained
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Boron carbide (chemical formula B
4C) is an extremely hard
ceramic material used in
tank armor,
bulletproof vests, and numerous industrial applications. With a hardness of 9.3 on the
mohs scale, it's the fifth hardest material known behind
boron nitride,
diamond,
ultrahard fullerite, and
aggregated diamond nanorods.
Discovered in the
19th century as a by-product of reactions involving metal borides, it wasn't until the
1930s that the material was studied scientifically. Boron carbide is now produced industrially by the carbo-thermal reduction of B
2O
3 (
boron oxide) in an electric
arc furnace.
Its ability to absorb neutrons without forming long lived
radionuclides makes the material attractive as an absorbent for neutron radiation arising in nuclear power plants. Nuclear applications of boron carbide include shielding, control rod and shut down pellets. Within control rods, boron carbide is often powdered, to increase its surface area.
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